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Impact of intermittent water supply on water quality in Lebanon

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dc.contributor.author Ayoub G.M.
dc.contributor.author Malaeb L.
dc.contributor.editor
dc.date 2006
dc.date.accessioned 2017-10-04T11:04:50Z
dc.date.available 2017-10-04T11:04:50Z
dc.date.issued 2006
dc.identifier
dc.identifier.isbn
dc.identifier.issn 09574352
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10938/13848
dc.description.abstract Lebanon in general and its capital, Beirut, suffer from water shortage due to the increasing water demand and the lack of proper management despite its abundant water resources. An intermittent water supply strategy was implemented in order to minimise deficiency problems. This, however, can seriously affect water quality due to the potential suction of non-potable water by negative pressures, biofilm detachment, and microbial re-growth especially when static conditions occur. Intermittent supplies also entail storing water in household tanks to satisfy demand during no-flow periods, and these tanks often encourage bacterial re-growth. Dumping of disinfectants in order to circumvent bacterial presence and the subsequent formation of undesirable byproducts is another concern. A study was conducted in Beirut over an eight-month period, during which samples were collected from household tanks and drinking water taps of Beirut's network. This paper presents the findings of the study and highlights key aspects in intermittent water supply systems. Copyright © 2006 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
dc.format.extent
dc.format.extent Pages: (379-397)
dc.language English
dc.publisher GENEVA
dc.relation.ispartof Publication Name: International Journal of Environment and Pollution; Publication Year: 2006; Volume: 26; no. 4; Pages: (379-397);
dc.relation.ispartofseries
dc.relation.uri
dc.source Scopus
dc.subject.other
dc.title Impact of intermittent water supply on water quality in Lebanon
dc.type Article
dc.contributor.affiliation Ayoub, G.M., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Department of Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
dc.contributor.affiliation Malaeb, L., Katib and Alami, Consolidated Engineering Company, Janah - K and A Building, P.O. Box 14-6203, Beirut 1105 2100, Lebanon, Khatib and Alami Consolidated Engineering Company, Beirut, Lebanon
dc.contributor.authorAddress Ayoub, G.M.; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; email: gayoub@aub.edu.lb
dc.contributor.authorCorporate University: American University of Beirut; Faculty: Faculty of Engineering and Architecture; Department: Civil and Environmental Engineering;
dc.contributor.authorDepartment Civil and Environmental Engineering
dc.contributor.authorDivision
dc.contributor.authorEmail gayoub@aub.edu.lb; lilmalaeb@hotmail.com
dc.contributor.faculty Faculty of Engineering and Architecture
dc.contributor.authorInitials Ayoub, GM
dc.contributor.authorInitials Malaeb, L
dc.contributor.authorOrcidID
dc.contributor.authorReprintAddress Ayoub, GM (reprint author), Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Civil and Environm Engn, Beirut, Lebanon.
dc.contributor.authorResearcherID
dc.contributor.authorUniversity American University of Beirut
dc.description.cited *AGFUND WHO CEHA, 2003, NAT SEM STRAT PROT Q; AYOUB G, 2003, NAT SEM STRAT PROT Q; Boe-Hansen R, 2002, WATER RES, V36, P4477, DOI 10.1016-S0043-1354(02)00191-4; CLARK RM, 1995, J WATER RES PL-ASCE, V121, P423, DOI 10.1061-(ASCE)0733-9496(1995)121:6(423); Clark RM, 1998, J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE, V124, P1203, DOI 10.1061-(ASCE)0733-9372(1998)124:12(1203); Coelho ST, 2003, WA SCI TECHNOL, V3, P119; Delahaye E, 2003, WATER RES, V37, P3689, DOI 10.1016-S0043-1354(03)00288-4; Fass S, 2003, WATER RES, V37, P493, DOI 10.1016-S0043-1354(02)00362-7; Geldreich EE, 1996, MICROBIAL QUALITY WA; LECHEVALLIER MW, 2003, J WATER HEALTH, V1, P1; Lu W, 1999, WATER RES, V33, P827, DOI 10.1016-S0043-1354(98)00229-2; Menaia J, 2003, WA SCI TECHNOL, V3, P209; METNI M, 2002, THESIS AM U BEIRUT; *MOE, 2001, LEB MIN ENV STAT ENV; Momba MNB, 1998, WATER SCI TECHNOL, V38, P283, DOI 10.1016-S0273-1223(98)00703-3; Ollos PJ, 1998, WATER SCI TECHNOL, V38, P275, DOI 10.1016-S0273-1223(98)00702-1; Percival SL, 1998, WATER RES, V32, P243, DOI 10.1016-S0043-1354(97)00132-2; Powell JC, 2000, WATER RES, V34, P117, DOI 10.1016-S0043-1354(99)00097-4; Rompre A, 2000, WATER SCI TECHNOL, V41, P287; Sarin P, 2004, WATER RES, V38, P1259, DOI 10.1016-j.watres.2003.11.022; Tokajian S, 2003, WATER SCI TECHNOL, V47, P229; VIEIRA P, 2003, ACCOUNTING INFLUENCE; WHO, 1995, GUID DRINK WAT QUAL, V1
dc.description.citedCount 5
dc.description.citedTotWOSCount 4
dc.description.citedWOSCount 4
dc.format.extentCount 19
dc.identifier.articleNo
dc.identifier.coden IJVLE
dc.identifier.pubmedID
dc.identifier.scopusID 33646257766
dc.identifier.url
dc.publisher.address WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 896, CH-1215 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
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dc.relation.ispartofConferenceCode
dc.relation.ispartofConferenceDate
dc.relation.ispartofConferenceHosting
dc.relation.ispartofConferenceLoc
dc.relation.ispartofConferenceSponsor
dc.relation.ispartofConferenceTitle
dc.relation.ispartofFundingAgency
dc.relation.ispartOfISOAbbr Int. J. Environ. Pollut.
dc.relation.ispartOfIssue 4
dc.relation.ispartOfPart
dc.relation.ispartofPubTitle International Journal of Environment and Pollution
dc.relation.ispartofPubTitleAbbr Int. J. Environ. Pollut.
dc.relation.ispartOfSpecialIssue
dc.relation.ispartOfSuppl
dc.relation.ispartOfVolume 26
dc.source.ID WOS:000237118100005
dc.type.publication Journal
dc.subject.otherAuthKeyword Bacterial re-growth
dc.subject.otherAuthKeyword Distribution network
dc.subject.otherAuthKeyword Intermittent water supply
dc.subject.otherAuthKeyword Storage
dc.subject.otherAuthKeyword Water quality
dc.subject.otherChemCAS chlorine, 13981-72-1, 7782-50-5
dc.subject.otherIndex Biofilms
dc.subject.otherIndex Byproducts
dc.subject.otherIndex Disinfectants
dc.subject.otherIndex Microorganisms
dc.subject.otherIndex Potable water
dc.subject.otherIndex Storage (materials)
dc.subject.otherIndex Water supply systems
dc.subject.otherIndex Bacterial re-growth
dc.subject.otherIndex Distribution network
dc.subject.otherIndex Intermittent water supply
dc.subject.otherIndex Water quality
dc.subject.otherIndex chlorine
dc.subject.otherIndex drinking water
dc.subject.otherIndex bacterium
dc.subject.otherIndex strategic approach
dc.subject.otherIndex water management
dc.subject.otherIndex water quality
dc.subject.otherIndex water supply
dc.subject.otherIndex analysis
dc.subject.otherIndex article
dc.subject.otherIndex bacterial flora
dc.subject.otherIndex bacterial growth
dc.subject.otherIndex biofilm
dc.subject.otherIndex Lebanon
dc.subject.otherIndex microbial growth
dc.subject.otherIndex pH
dc.subject.otherIndex salinity
dc.subject.otherIndex seasonal variation
dc.subject.otherIndex technique
dc.subject.otherIndex temperature
dc.subject.otherIndex turbidity
dc.subject.otherIndex water availability
dc.subject.otherIndex water deficit
dc.subject.otherIndex water management
dc.subject.otherIndex water quality
dc.subject.otherIndex water retention
dc.subject.otherIndex water supply
dc.subject.otherIndex water treatment
dc.subject.otherIndex Asia
dc.subject.otherIndex Beirut
dc.subject.otherIndex Beyrouth
dc.subject.otherIndex Eurasia
dc.subject.otherIndex Lebanon
dc.subject.otherIndex Middle East
dc.subject.otherIndex Bacteria (microorganisms)
dc.subject.otherKeywordPlus CHLORINE DECAY-RATES
dc.subject.otherKeywordPlus DRINKING-WATER
dc.subject.otherKeywordPlus DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS
dc.subject.otherKeywordPlus BIOFILM GROWTH
dc.subject.otherKeywordPlus RELEASE
dc.subject.otherKeywordPlus NETWORK
dc.subject.otherWOS Environmental Sciences


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