Abstract:
Aim: This study investigated the effect of macronutrient composition of meals on postprandial peptide YY3-36 (PYY3-36) response in obese hyperinsulinemic females. Methods: Eight obese females consumed three iso-energetic meals of different macronutrient composition, high carbohydrate (HC; 60percent CHO, 20percent protein, 20percent fat), high fat (HF; 30percent CHO, 20percent protein, 50percent fat) and high protein (HP; 30percent CHO, 50percent protein, 20percent fat), on three separate occasions, 1 month apart. PYY3-36, insulin and glucosewere measured before and 15, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min following each meal. Results: PYY 3-36 levelsincreased significantly following the three meals, with the HC meal resulting in a sustained postprandial increase in PYY3-36 level throughout the experimental period. Comparing the three meals, the HF meal induced a significantly higher increase in postprandial PYY3-36 levels, at 15 and 30 min as compared to the HP meal (p andlt; 0.05), whereas the postprandial increase following the HP meal became significantly higher than that following the HF meal at 120 min. Postprandial increase in PYY 3-36 was highest in the first hour following the HF meal, while that following the HP meal was delayed by 1 h. Conclusion: Increasing both protein and fat content of a meal may induce an immediate and prolonged increase in PYY3-36, resulting in increased satiety and its maintenance for a longer period of time. Copyright © 2008 S. Karger AG.