IBD, malignancy and oral microbiota: Analysis of the literature

Abstract

The human microbiota, in adults, varies in number and species based on the location in the gastrointestinal tract. The highest concentration is at the intestinal level, where mainly Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria are found. Instead, in the oral cavity, five major phyla exist: Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Fusobacteria. Variations in the microbiota cause dysbiosis, which is responsible to a great extent for the onset of many diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). In some cases (8 - 10%) IBD has shown oral manifestations that may reflect a change in the composition of the oral microbiota. This work relates, through a meta-analysis of the literature, how variations of the oral microbiota, or the combination of micro-organisms that inhabit the oral cavity, can influence the onset of IBD and CRC. © 2016 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.