Thalassemia and malignancy: An emerging concern?
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Churchill Livingstone
Abstract
The thalassemias constitute a variable group of anemias that result from autosomal recessive inherited defects in the production of hemoglobin. The life expectancy of thalassemia patients has been extended over the last decades as a result of key milestones being achieved in optimizing management with transfusion and iron chelation therapy. Such advances have prolonged the survival of thalassemia patients and improved their overall quality of life. However, this increase in life expectancy has led to the manifestation of several morbidities, including multiple types of solid and hematologic malignancies. In this review we report the different types of solid and hematological malignancies that can develop in thalassemia patients, in addition to the possible predisposing factors and mechanisms behind their development. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
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Keywords
Cancer, Iron overload, Malignancies, Thalassemia, Transfusion, Humans, Neoplasms, Deferiprone, Deferoxamine, Hydroxyurea, Ruxolitinib, Sorafenib, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Beta thalassemia, Blood transfusion, Bone marrow, Breast cancer, Chemoembolization, Disease predisposition, Hepatitis c, Hormone substitution, Human, Human t cell leukemia virus infection, Life expectancy, Liver cell carcinoma, Liver resection, Liver transplantation, Lymphoma, Morbidity, Myeloproliferative neoplasm, Nephrectomy, Overall survival, Percutaneous radiofrequency thermoablation, Population research, Priority journal, Quality of life, Radiofrequency ablation, Renal cell carcinoma, Review, Thyroid papillary carcinoma, Complication, Neoplasm