Complete sequence of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 in ATLL patients from Northeast Iran, Mashhad revealed a prematurely terminated protease and an elongated pX open reading frame III
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Elsevier B.V.
Abstract
To gain insight into the origin, evolution, dissemination and viral factors affecting HTLV-1-associated diseases, knowing the complete viral genome sequences is important. So far, no full-length HTLV-1 genome sequence has been reported from Iran. Here we report the complete nucleotide sequence of HTLV-1 viruses isolated from adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) patients from this region. The genome size of HTLV-1-MhD (Mashhad) was found to be 9036 bp and sequence analysis of the LTR region showed that it belongs to cosmopolitan subtype A. Comparing the sequences with isolates from another endemic area (HTLV-1ATK) revealed variations in the U3 region (~3.4%), while there was 99.1% and 97.0% similarity in R and U5 regions, respectively. The nucleotide sequences of HTLV-1 gag, pro and pol genes had a difference of 1.1% compared with HTLV-1 ATK with 16 nucleotides replaced in the gag and 27 in the pol regions. There was no variability in the amino acid sequences in the p24gag, however three residues were different in the p19gag and one in the p15gag. The nucleotide sequence of env showed a divergence of 1.5% compared to ATK with 22-nucleotide variation. The HTLV-1-MhD Tax, p13, p30, and p12 had 99.1, 100, 98.8, and 98%, respectively similarity with the prototype strain. Four amino acid changes were detected in ORF1 and ORF2 products p12 and p30, respectively, while the p13 region showed 100% conservation. The nucleotide identity between the isolates of Mashhad and those isolated from France, Germany, China, Canada and Brazil was 99.1%, 99.2%, 97.9%, 99% and 99.3%, respectively. Four amino acid changes compared with HTLV-1ATK from Japan were detected in ORF1 and ORF2 products p12 and p30, respectively, while the p13 region showed 100% conservation. This data could provide information regarding the evolutionary history, phylogeny, origin of the virus and vaccine design. © 2019
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Atll, Dna sequencing, Htlv-1, Nucleotide variations, Amino acid sequence, Base sequence, Brazil, Canada, China, Dna, viral, Female, France, Genes, viral, Germany, Human t-lymphotropic virus 1, Humans, Iran, Japan, Leukemia-lymphoma, adult t-cell, Male, Middle aged, Open reading frames, Peptide hydrolases, Repetitive sequences, nucleic acid, Transcription factors, Viral regulatory and accessory proteins, Gag protein, Protein orf1, Protein orf2, Protein p15, Protein p19, Protein p30, Proteinase, Unclassified drug, Viral protein, Peptide hydrolase, Px protein, human t-lymphotropic virus 1, Transcription factor, Virus dna, 5' untranslated region, Adult, Article, Clinical article, Controlled study, Dna extraction, Envelope gene, Gag gene, Gene mutation, Genetic variability, Genetic variation, Genome size, Human, Human cell, Long terminal repeat, Molecular cloning, Nucleotide sequence, Open reading frame, Phylogeny, Polymerase chain reaction, Priority journal, Pro gene, Structural gene, T cell leukemia, Tax gene, Virus gene, Virus isolation, Virus strain, Genetics, Nucleotide repeat, Virology