Determining the effect of 3-months premeal phosphorus supplementation on energy intake, body weight, and lipid profile in overweight-obese individuals -

Abstract

The present study is based on previous data showing that an intake of 500 mg phosphorous (P) preload is able to reduce subsequent food intake by 27-33percent. It is also known that P ingestion efficiently increases insulin sensitivity after 60 minutes of its intake. It is also important to note that both P and insulin are involved in food intake as well as in lipid metabolism. Assuming that the ingestion of 375 mg P supplements three times daily with each main meal, in addition to the consumption of P from regular food, the total daily P intake would be about 3g-day which is 25percent less than the upper limit (4g-day). Since changes in body weight require 3 months, using this variable as the main outcome would provide robust information on the role of P. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the medium-term effect of 375 mg P ingested three-times-daily in overweight and obese adults. Primary outcome variables are body weight, BMI, waist circumference (WC), serum lipids, GLP-1 and subjective appetite scores. This is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. A sample of 49 overweight and obese subjects (18 men and 31 women) of average age 30±3 years and a BMI of 31 ±1.3 kg-m² (mean±SEM) participated. Subjects were randomized to receive daily placebo (cellulose) or potassium phosphate (375mg) tablets with each main meal (breakfast, lunch, and dinner) for a period of 3 months. Body weight, BMI, WC, GLP-1, serum lipids, and appetite scores were collected at baseline and after 3 months. The current intervention resulted in a significantly (p0.05) decreased body weight (-0.44±0.53 kg), BMI (-0.16±0.18 kg-m2) and WC (-3.48±0.60 cm) as compared with placebo (1.13± 0.45 kg, 0.42±0.18 kg-m2 and 0.38±0.4 kg-m2, respectively). The change in GLP-1 and serum lipids (i.e. total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG) did not differ between groups. Subjective scores of appetite, quantity of food to reach fullness, hunger, and number of snacks significan