Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) in a severely burned patient

Abstract

Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) occurs when increasing intra abdominal-pressure (iAp) reduces blood flow to abdominal organs. This results in impairment of pulmonary, cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, central nervous system and gastro-intestinal (gi) function, causing multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and death. The significant prognostic value of elevated intra-abdominal pressure has prompted many intensive care units to adopt measurement of this physiologic parameter as a routine vital sign in patients at risk. ACS generally occurs in patients who are critically ill due to any of a wide variety of medical and surgical conditions. it has been recently described as a rare complication of burn injury. it is fundamental to: 1) recognize iAp and ACS; 2) resuscitate effectively; and 3) prevent the development iAp-induced end-organ dysfunction and failure. We present our recent experience with one patient suffering from ACS secondary to burn injury and the physiologic results of abdominal wall escharotomy. © 2015, Annals of Burns and Fire Disasters. All rights reserved.