Adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern and overweight and obesity among female adolescents in Iran

Abstract

Given the high prevalence of overweight and obesity in Iran, identification of a healthy diet is essential. This study aimed to assess the association between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and overweight and obesity in female adolescents. Two hundred and eighty female adolescents from high schools in Tehran were recruited. General information, physical activity and food frequency questionnaires were completed. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated using the Mediterranean Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS). Under and over reporters of energy intake were excluded from the analysis (n = 37). Results indicated that prevalence of overweight and obesity was 13.3% and 12.5%, respectively. The mean of MSDPS was low in this population (15.99 ± 5.64). The MSDPS was positively associated with mother's education level and energy intake (p < 0.05). No significant relation was observed between MSDPS and overweight and obesity among adolescents. However, there was a negative significant association between MSDPS and WHR just among students who had educated mothers [high: second median v. low: first median, odds ratio (OR) = 0.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.12-1.03]. Adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern is low among adolescent females in Tehran, with no association with overweight and obesity. © 2019 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.