Clinical Complications and Their Management
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W.B. Saunders
Abstract
The hallmarks of thalassemias are ineffective erythropoiesis and peripheral hemolysis leading to a cascade of events responsible for several clinical complications. This pathophysiologic mechanism can be partially controlled by blood transfusions or by correction of the severity of ineffective erythropoiesis. Thalassemias include a spectrum of phenotypes. Two main groups can be clinically distinguished: transfusion-dependent (TDT) and non–transfusion-dependent (NTDT) thalassemia. Both conditions are characterized by several clinical complications along life; some are shared, whereas some have higher prevalence in one group over the other. The authors present the most common clinical complications in TDT and NTDT and their management. © 2017 Elsevier Inc.
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Keywords
Endocrinopathies, Heart failure, Ineffective erythropoiesis, Iron overload, Liver disease, Thalassemia, Blood transfusion, Bone diseases, Disease management, Endocrine system diseases, Heart diseases, Humans, Liver diseases, Thrombophilia, Vascular diseases, Aldosterone antagonist, Beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, Bisphosphonic acid derivative, Bosentan, Calcium, Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor, Diuretic agent, Furosemide, Hemoglobin alpha chain, Hemoglobin beta chain, Interferon, Levothyroxine, Nucleoside derivative, Nucleotide derivative, Recombinant growth hormone, Vitamin d, Adrenal insufficiency, Atrial fibrillation, Bone disease, Cardiovascular disease, Cholelithiasis, Diabetes mellitus, Endocrine disease, Erythropoiesis, Growth hormone deficiency, Heart arrhythmia, Hematologic disease, Hemolytic anemia, Hepatitis b, Human, Hypercoagulability, Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, Hypoparathyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Intestine absorption, Iron absorption, Iron chelation, Leg ulcer, Liver cell carcinoma, Morbidity, Myocardial disease, Nonhuman, Priority journal, Pulmonary hypertension, Review, Thrombosis, Virus hepatitis, Complication, Heart disease, Vascular disease