Determining the postprandial metabolites and hormonal status after ingestion of a phosphorus preload in overweight and obese subjects -

Abstract

In the literature, the positive effect of phosphorus preload on glucose, insulin, and appetite was previously reported and is encouraging; however, the gut hormones response after phosphorus preload was never tested. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of phosphorus on blood glucose, insulin, and appetite hormones (GLP-1 and GIP) in overweight and obese subjects. This is a single blind cross over design study whereby each subject presented twice to the facility to take either the treatment or the placebo. Seven subjects were enrolled (BMI25kg-m2) of which four were males and three were females. After an overnight fast, the subjects were given a glucose solution (75g) together with phosphorus pills (500mg) or placebo pills. Serum levels were tested for insulin, phosphate, glucose, GLP-1, GIP, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL, and LDL at different time intervals: time 0, 15, 30, 60,120, 180, and 240 minutes. The results showed no change in the levels of insulin, glucose, GIP, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL, and LDL when comparing the phosphorus group to the placebo group. However, in the phosphorus test group the serum phosphate levels increased significantly at 120 minutes and GLP-1 levels were significantly higher. In this study the phosphorus preload did not cause any change in glucose and insulin responses after ingestion of a glucose solution, which is not in line with the previous findings. It was hypothesized that this response is due to the presence of insulin resistance in those overweight and obese subjects. The increase in serum phosphorus and the rise in GLP-1 levels show promising result and open the door for future research since long term ingestion of phosphorus in overweight and obese individuals could be able to impact more insulin sensitivity than just one preload.