Optimizing self-care among post-bone marrow transplant patients: training the trainer program

Abstract

Patients who undergo bone marrow transplant at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) face multiple challenges that make the transition from hospital setting to home setting frustrating. Patients feel as if they are not self-efficient in managing post bone marrow transplant symptoms when at home, and this affects their quality of life. Patients’ need for information regarding managing bone marrow transplant symptoms is essential and thus providing them with early education upon admission is paramount. The aim of this 12-session program is to train AUBMC nurses working in the Hematology Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant departments on how to identify learning needs of patients post bone marrow transplant and educate them and their caregivers on how to self-manage their symptoms at home.

A thorough literature search was done to identify topics pertaining to symptom management of post bone marrow transplant patients. From the European Society for Bone Marrow Transplantation (EBMT), European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO), American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), as well as recent studies on the topic.

The program is compiled to include program outcomes, content, and evaluation tools. Input on the program was sought from the hematology-oncology unit nurse manager and the Clinical and Professional Development Center (CPDC) office for validation of program content and potential incorporation in the training of the hematology-oncology and bone marrow transplant nurses, changes were made accordingly. The program aims at educating oncology nurses and preparing them regarding assessing learning needs of post bone marrow transplant patients, educate and empower them to implement self-management strategies.

Conclusion: The bone marrow transplant population has unmet informational needs. The project aims at developing a training program for nurses working on the hematology oncology and bone marrow transplant units and who are experts in their field of practice. The program equips nurses with knowledge, skills, and attitude, enabling them to identify learning needs and initiate early patient education. The end goal is to have patients who are self-efficient in implementing self-management strategies once discharged to optimize their quality of life. Further projects need to be developed to ensure knowledge sustainability in both nurses and patients and proper implementation and monitoring of education in the hospital setting.