Public education in Lebanon :the case of the primary-age dropout rate in public schools -

Abstract

One way to promote employability and productivity in the Arab world is through primary education. Primary education is not only an investment; it is also a right that is protected by international declarations. However, many primary-age students are dropping out of public schools in Lebanon. This thesis is concerned with what Lebanese NGOs and governmental agencies are doing on a national level to decrease the number of primary-age student dropouts. Accordingly, this research explores three main areas. First, the nature of the dropout problem in public schools in Lebanon: extent, factors, and consequences. Second, the response of the NGOs and public agencies to the dropout problem: the programs adopted by these organizations and programs’ outcomes. Third, recommendations suggested by the NGOs and public agencies to reduce the number of primary-age dropouts in Lebanon. This research conducted a total of 25 interviews with a sample of 23 organizations that were selected based on two criteria: the organizations had programs that target school dropouts or dropout factors. This sample included two types of organizations: non-governmental organizations and governmental agencies. Results showed that primary-age students are dropping out of public schools in Lebanon for different reasons: social, academic, economic and political. These factors were found to be consistent with the literature on school dropouts. Although there are no accurate statistics on the student dropout rate in Lebanon, student dropout is leading to social, economic and political consequences that are hindering Lebanon’s social and economic development. In response, the NGOs implemented dropout reduction programs that were focused on the family, education, community support and policy lobbying. Public agencies, however, addressed the legal and social aspects of the dropout problem. The organizations suggested several actions steps to be taken at the levels of the family, the public schools, the civil organizations and the national govern